{"id":3059,"date":"2023-04-19T16:20:19","date_gmt":"2023-04-19T13:20:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.blog.extremeoutdoor.com.tr\/?p=3059"},"modified":"2023-04-19T16:20:20","modified_gmt":"2023-04-19T13:20:20","slug":"hipotermi-nedir-nasil-onlenir-ve-tedavi-edilir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.extremeoutdoor.com.tr\/index.php\/2023\/04\/19\/hipotermi-nedir-nasil-onlenir-ve-tedavi-edilir\/","title":{"rendered":"Hipotermi Nedir? Nas\u0131l \u00d6nlenir ve Tedavi Edilir"},"content":{"rendered":"

V\u00fccudumuzun en \u00f6nemli g\u00f6revi i\u00e7 s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 37 derece civar\u0131nda sabitlemektir. 25 dereceden daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck d\u0131\u015f ortam veya \u00e7evre s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131, e\u011fer fiziksel veya zihinsel bir tepki vermez isek, \u00e7\u0131plak bir insan\u0131n i\u00e7 s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fmesine neden olur.<\/p>

Her zaman i\u00e7 v\u00fccut s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z ve d\u0131\u015f ortam aras\u0131nda belirgin bir \u0131s\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fimi vard\u0131r. \u0130\u00e7 s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z artt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda terleme yolu ile \u0131s\u0131 kaybederek bu fark\u0131 tolere etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r\u0131z. \u0130\u00e7 \u0131s\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n y\u00fczde 60’a kadar olan k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 yaln\u0131zca radyasyon yoluyla d\u0131\u015far\u0131 veririz. Konveksiyon, \u0131s\u0131 kayb\u0131n\u0131n bir ba\u015fka yoludur. \u00dczerimizden ge\u00e7en hava veya su ak\u0131m\u0131 varsa v\u00fccudumuzun \u00e7evresinde bulunan \u0131s\u0131y\u0131 uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. So\u011fuk suyun i\u00e7inde de\u011filsek veya \u00e7ok so\u011fuk bir objeye dokunmuyorsak, kond\u00fcksiyon yolu ile \u0131s\u0131 kayb\u0131 \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir fakt\u00f6r de\u011fildir.<\/p>

So\u011fu\u011fa kar\u015f\u0131 verilen tepkiler<\/h2>

So\u011fu\u011fa kar\u015f\u0131 tepki \u00fc\u00e7 yoldan ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir. \u00c7o\u011fu zaman fark\u0131nda olmasak da, zihinsel, fiziksel ve fizyolojik tepkiler vermek suretiyle s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 dengede tutmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r\u0131z.<\/p>

Zihinsel tepkiler<\/h3>

Bar\u0131nak bularak, so\u011fuk b\u00f6lgeden daha s\u0131cak b\u00f6lgeye giderek, ate\u015f yakarak, daha \u00e7ok giysi giyerek \u015fartlar\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirebiliriz. Zihinsel tepkilerden biri de, so\u011fu\u011fa do\u011frudan maruz kalan alan\u0131 k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcltmek i\u00e7in b\u00fcz\u00fclmektir. Atalar\u0131m\u0131z tropik iklimlerden d\u00fcnyan\u0131n d\u00f6rt bir yan\u0131na da\u011f\u0131lmay\u0131, so\u011fu\u011fa kar\u015f\u0131 zihinsel tepki yoluyla geli\u015ftirdikleri giysi teknolojisi sayesinde ba\u015farm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>

\"\"<\/figure>

Fiziksel tepkiler<\/h3>

So\u011fu\u011fa kar\u015f\u0131 verilen bir di\u011fer tepki ise, v\u00fccudun i\u00e7inde daha fazla \u0131s\u0131 \u00fcretimidir. Damarlar\u0131m\u0131za kan\u0131n pompalanmas\u0131 ve nefes al\u0131rken kaslar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z i\u00e7in devaml\u0131 olarak \u0131s\u0131 \u00fcretiriz. Nefes almak ve kalbin kan pompalamas\u0131 i\u00e7in genellikle 75 kalori\/saat enerji t\u00fcketiriz. Bu enerjiyi \u00fcretebilmek i\u00e7in gerekli olan g\u0131day\u0131 t\u00fcketmemiz gerekir. V\u00fccut al\u0131nan g\u0131dalar\u0131 enerjiye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in de ayr\u0131ca efor sarf edece\u011fi i\u00e7in, bu miktar 75 kalorinin biraz \u00fcst\u00fcnde olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>

Titremek, durdu\u011funuz yerde hareket etmek de fiziksel tepkiler aras\u0131nda g\u00f6sterilebilir.<\/p>

Fizyolojik tepkiler<\/h3>

V\u00fccut so\u011fu\u011fa maruz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00e7e\u015fitli fizyolojik tepkiler de g\u00f6sterir. Bunlar\u0131n en ba\u015f\u0131nda gelen, \u00f6nemli miktarda \u0131s\u0131 kayb\u0131n\u0131 engellemek i\u00e7in damarlar\u0131n daralmas\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130lk \u00f6nce el ve ayaklar\u0131n \u00fc\u015f\u00fcmesi, v\u00fccudun so\u011fu\u011fa kar\u015f\u0131 fizyolojik tepki verdi\u011finin g\u00f6stergelerinden biridir.<\/p>

Hipoterminin geli\u015fimi<\/h2>

V\u00fccudun i\u00e7 s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 37 derecede tutma sava\u015f\u0131, hipotermi denilen hastal\u0131kla sonu\u00e7lanan iki farkl\u0131 senaryonun olmas\u0131 haricinde genellikle ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. Hipotermi birbirinden farkl\u0131 geli\u015fen iki farkl\u0131 hastal\u0131k durumunu tan\u0131mlamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan bir terimdir. V\u00fccut i\u00e7i s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f h\u0131z\u0131 hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n farkl\u0131 olmas\u0131na sebep olur. Bu iki s\u00fcre\u00e7 kronik hipotermi<\/strong> ve akut hipotermi<\/strong> olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>

Basit bir \u015fekilde anlatmak gerekirse, kronik hipotermi da\u011fc\u0131l\u0131k filmlerinde s\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz, yava\u015f geli\u015fen hipotermiyi, akut hipotermi ise so\u011fuk denize d\u00fc\u015fme gibi durumlarda h\u0131zl\u0131 geli\u015fen hipotermiyi ifade eder.<\/p>

Kronik Hipotermi<\/h3>

Kronik hipotermide v\u00fccut i\u00e7i s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131 saat veya daha uzun bir s\u00fcrede 35 derecenin alt\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fer. Kronik hipoterminin ba\u015fl\u0131ca nedeni, basit\u00e7e, bulundu\u011funuz ortamdaki s\u0131cakl\u0131k\/r\u00fczgar ko\u015fullar\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7ok ince olan giysilerin giyilmesinden kaynaklan\u0131r. \u0130nce giysiler, v\u00fccudumuzun \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve d\u0131\u015far\u0131ya fazla miktarda \u0131s\u0131 atmas\u0131 s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011funda gereklidir. D\u0131\u015f ortam \u0131s\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oldu\u011fu zamanlarda odun k\u0131rma, tempolu y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f yapma, h\u0131zl\u0131 t\u0131rman\u0131\u015f yapma gibi aktiviteler bittikten hemen sonra, \u015fiddetle \u00fczerimize daha kal\u0131n bir giysi giyme ihtiyac\u0131 duyar\u0131z. E\u011fer daha kal\u0131n giysiler giyemez veya uygun bir bar\u0131nak temin edemezsek (zihinsel tepki), \u00fcretti\u011fimizden daha fazla enerjiyi ortama vererek yava\u015f yava\u015f \u0131s\u0131 kaybetmeye ba\u015flar\u0131z. Bu \u015fekilde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen kademeli so\u011fumay\u0131 v\u00fccudumuz minimize eder, bu da \u0131s\u0131 kayb\u0131n\u0131 azaltmak i\u00e7in damar daralmas\u0131na neden olur (fizyolojik tepki). V\u00fccut titreyerek de tepki vermeye ba\u015flar (fiziksel tepki).<\/p>

E\u011fer v\u00fccudumuz hareket edemeyecek kadar yorgunsa, titremek de bir i\u015f oldu\u011fu ve enerji gerektirdi\u011fi i\u00e7in, kademeli so\u011fuma daha h\u0131zl\u0131 geli\u015fir. Is\u0131 kayb\u0131, \u00fcretti\u011fimiz ve koruyabildi\u011fimiz \u0131s\u0131 miktar\u0131ndan fazla ise, yava\u015f bir so\u011fuma ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir.<\/p>

So\u011fuma, ani \u015fekilde giysilerin \u0131slanmas\u0131 veya so\u011fuk suya d\u00fc\u015fmek gibi \u00e7evreyle a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 bir \u015fekilde dengesizlik olu\u015fmad\u0131ysa, \u00e7o\u011funlukla yava\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>

\u0130\u00e7 s\u0131cakl\u0131k 35 dereceye d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde, ki\u015fi hipotermik olarak de\u011ferlendirilir. 35 derece de\u011ferinde veya bunun birka\u00e7 derece alt\u0131nda, ki\u015fi hipotermik iken, kan\u0131n s\u0131v\u0131 hacmi ve de\u011fi\u015fimi \u00e7ok fazla de\u011fildir.<\/p>

\"\"<\/figure>

So\u011fu\u011fun etkisi devam ederse, termal dengeyi sa\u011flayan enerji deposunun t\u00fckenmesinden kaynaklanan i\u00e7 s\u0131cakl\u0131kta ani bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f olacakt\u0131r. E\u011fer v\u00fccut s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 32 dereceye d\u00fc\u015ferse, ki\u015fi ciddi kronik hipotermi durumunda demektir.<\/p>

Ki\u015fi \u00fczerinde hipotermi emaresi g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ilk anda m\u00fcdahale bu y\u00fczden \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. v\u00fccut i\u00e7 s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki 5 derecelik de\u011fi\u015fim beklenmeden \u00f6nlem al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>

V\u00fccut i\u00e7i s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n 32 derece \u00fczerinde oldu\u011fu durumlarda, e\u011fer a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 yorgunluk yoksa, ki\u015fiye yapmak istedi\u011fi herhangi bir aktiviteye izin verilir. Ancak ki\u015fi yorgunluktan kaynakl\u0131 t\u00fckenme noktas\u0131nda veya yak\u0131n\u0131ndaysa bar\u0131nak temin edilmeli; g\u0131da, s\u0131v\u0131 verilmeli ve dinlenmesi sa\u011flanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>

32 derece alt\u0131 v\u00fccut s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131na sahip hasta ile ilgilenirken \u00e7ok dikkatli olunmal\u0131d\u0131r. Hasta hayatta, ancak dikkatli bir \u015fekilde ilgilenilmesi gereken \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl bir hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 vard\u0131r. Is\u0131n\u0131n h\u0131zl\u0131 bi\u00e7imde geri verilmesi, yeterli miktarda kan s\u0131v\u0131s\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan \u201ctekrar \u0131s\u0131nma \u015foku\u201d nedeniyle \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl olabilir.<\/p>

Kronik Hipoterminin i\u015faretleri ve semptomlar\u0131<\/h4>

Ki\u015finin kronik hipotermi kurban\u0131 olabilece\u011finin en \u00f6nemli belirtisi ki\u015fide bitkinlik emarelerinin g\u00f6r\u00fclmesidir. T\u00fckenmi\u015f bir ki\u015fi az sonra \u0131s\u0131 \u00fcretme kabiliyetini yitirecektir. Ki\u015finin \u0131s\u0131 \u00fcretiminde azalma meydana geldi\u011fi esnada ki\u015fi so\u011fuktan korunam\u0131yorsa i\u00e7 s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fecektir.<\/p>

\u0130\u00e7 s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 35 derecenin alt\u0131nda olan bir ki\u015fi hipotermi i\u015faretleri ve semptomlar\u0131 geli\u015ftirmeye ba\u015flar. \u0130\u00e7 s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7mek \u00e7o\u011fu zaman, \u00f6zellikle de arazi ko\u015fullar\u0131nda m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki tabloda belirtilen semptomlardan genel bir fikir elde edilebilir. Tabloya g\u00fcvenmemenizi, kesin sonu\u00e7 \u00e7\u0131karmaman\u0131z\u0131 \u00f6nemle hat\u0131rlat\u0131r\u0131m.<\/p>

<\/p>Hipoterminin en iyi saha testi 9 metreyi d\u00fcz bir \u00e7izgide d\u00fczg\u00fcn bi\u00e7imde y\u00fcr\u00fcyebilmektir.<\/cite><\/blockquote>

\u0130\u00c7 SICAKLIK<\/th>\u0130\u015eARETLER VE SEMPTOMLAR<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
37-36 \u00b0C<\/td>Normal s\u0131cakl\u0131k aral\u0131\u011f\u0131. Titreme ba\u015flayabilir.<\/td><\/tr>
36-35 \u00b0C<\/td>So\u011fukluk hissi, ellerde kompleks i\u015fleri yapamama, hafiften ciddiye kadar g\u00f6r\u00fclebilen titreme, hissiz cilt.<\/td><\/tr>
35-34 \u00b0C<\/td>\u015eiddetli titreme, kaslarda koordinasyon bozulmas\u0131, hareket yava\u015flamas\u0131, sendeleyerek y\u00fcr\u00fcme, hafif zihin bulan\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131. (9 metreyi d\u00fcz bir \u00e7izgide y\u00fcr\u00fctmeyi deneyin. D\u00fczg\u00fcn y\u00fcr\u00fcyemiyorsa hipotermi ge\u00e7irdi\u011fini g\u00f6sterir)<\/td><\/tr>
34-32 \u00b0C<\/td>\u00c7ok \u015fiddetli titreme, konu\u015fmada g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fck, mant\u0131ks\u0131z d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnme, haf\u0131za kayb\u0131, kaba kas hareketleri, ellerin kullan\u0131lamamas\u0131, s\u0131k\u00e7a t\u00f6kezleme, depresyon i\u015faretleri.<\/td><\/tr>
32-30 \u00b0C<\/td>Kronik hipotermide titreme durur. Cilt mavi ve \u015fi\u015fkindir. Kas koordinasyonu \u00e7ok zay\u0131ft\u0131r. Y\u00fcr\u00fcmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Zihin bulan\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131, manas\u0131z davran\u0131\u015flar, (Psikolojik olarak vaziyetini ve g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc koruyabilir)<\/td><\/tr>
30-27,7 \u00b0C<\/td>Kaslar a\u011f\u0131r \u015fekilde kas\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yar\u0131 bilin\u00e7 kayb\u0131, bayg\u0131nl\u0131k, psikolojik ileti\u015fim kayb\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Nab\u0131z ve soluk azal\u0131r. \u00c7ocuklar \u015fi\u015febilir.<\/td><\/tr>
27,7-25,5 \u00b0C<\/td>Bilin\u00e7 kayb\u0131 ya\u015fan\u0131r. Kalp at\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve soluk d\u00fczensizle\u015fir. Nab\u0131z ve soluk belirgin olmayabilir. Kas tendon refleksleri durur.<\/td><\/tr>
25,5-24 \u00b0C<\/td>Akci\u011fer \u00f6demi, kalp ve solunum merkezlerinde bozukluk, \u00f6l\u00fcm olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131. (\u00d6l\u00fcm bu seviyeden \u00f6nce olu\u015fabilir)<\/td><\/tr>
15,2 \u00b0C<\/td>Kronik hipotermi hastas\u0131nda rapor edilmi\u015f \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclen en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u0131cakl\u0131k (hasta kurtar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f) (Japonya 1986)<\/td><\/tr>
9 \u00b0C<\/td>Ameliyat edilen bir hastada suni bi\u00e7imde olu\u015fturulan hipotermide hastan\u0131n kurtuldu\u011fu rapor edilen en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u0131cakl\u0131k.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>

Kronik Hipotermiye m\u00fcdahale<\/h4>

V\u00fccut s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n 32 derece \u00fcst\u00fcnde seyretti\u011fi, hipoterminin \u00fc\u015f\u00fcme, titreme ve yorgunluk gibi belirtilerle kendini g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi durumlarda, ki\u015fiye kalorili g\u0131da ve s\u0131v\u0131 verilmeli, dinlenmesi sa\u011flanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ki\u015fi t\u00fckenme noktas\u0131ndaysa durup dinlenmek, g\u0131da al\u0131m\u0131 gibi i\u015fler sonraya b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131p, ilk i\u015f bar\u0131nak temin edilmelidir.<\/p>

V\u00fccut i\u00e7 s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 32 derecenin alt\u0131na d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde, \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl bir hastal\u0131kla m\u00fccadele edildi\u011fini bilerek dikkatli m\u00fcdahale edilmeli, hastaya ani bir \u015fekilde \u0131s\u0131 vererek \u201c\u0131s\u0131nma \u015fokuna\u201d maruz b\u0131rak\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu durumda \u0131s\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015f su torbalar\u0131 veya pet \u015fi\u015felerle, bu m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011filse hastay\u0131 \u0131s\u0131tmak i\u00e7in beraber uyku tulumuna girmek suretiyle hastay\u0131 \u0131s\u0131tmak gerekir. \u00c7ad\u0131r kurma imkan\u0131 yoksa, uyku tulumu temin edilemiyorsa b\u00fcy\u00fck bir ate\u015f yakmak da \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm olabilir. Hastan\u0131n bilinci a\u00e7\u0131ksa, g\u00fcvenli \u015fekilde yutabiliyorsa \u0131l\u0131k s\u0131v\u0131 al\u0131m\u0131 da sa\u011flanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>

\"\"<\/figure>

Hipotermi genelde 6 ila 8 saat aras\u0131nda geli\u015fir. Hipotermi hastas\u0131na ilk iki saat i\u00e7inde m\u00fcdahale etmeniz \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n geli\u015fimini yava\u015flatmak, imkan varsa durdurmak denenmeden; s\u0131rf ilk yard\u0131m almak amac\u0131yla yola devam etmek, hastan\u0131n i\u00e7 s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 32 derecenin alt\u0131na d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde hastay\u0131 ve sizi hareketsiz b\u0131rakaca\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl sonu\u00e7lar do\u011furabilecektir.<\/p>

Kronik Hipoterminin \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ilmesi i\u00e7in bireysel olarak neler yapabiliriz?<\/h4>

Hipotermi geli\u015fiminin riskini en az d\u00fczeyde tutmak i\u00e7in so\u011fuk havaya maruz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda yap\u0131lmas\u0131 uygun olan \u00e7e\u015fitli zihinsel tepkiler vard\u0131r.<\/p>

Aktifken fazla \u0131s\u0131y\u0131 uzakla\u015ft\u0131rma: <\/strong>V\u00fccudunuzda olu\u015fan fazla \u0131s\u0131 terlemeye sebep oluyorsa, fazla \u0131s\u0131y\u0131 \u00e7evreye atabilmek i\u00e7in giysilerinizi havaland\u0131rman\u0131z gereklidir. So\u011fuk havan\u0131n i\u00e7 giysilerinizle ve cildinizle temas\u0131ndan ka\u00e7\u0131nmal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z. Islakl\u0131k \u0131s\u0131 kayb\u0131n\u0131 tahmin edebilece\u011finizden daha \u00e7ok h\u0131zland\u0131ran bir unsurdur.<\/p>

Yorgun haldeyken enerjiyi koruma:<\/strong>\u00a0Bitkin hissetmeye ba\u015flad\u0131ysan\u0131z veya fiziksel limitlerinize ula\u015fmak \u00fczereyseniz, \u0131s\u0131 kaybetme h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 yava\u015flatman\u0131z gereklidir. Daha az efor harcamal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z; b\u00f6ylece daha az \u0131s\u0131 \u00fcreteceksiniz. Bu a\u015famada \u00e7evreye olacak \u0131s\u0131 kayb\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nleyebilmek i\u00e7in bar\u0131nak bulun veya ek giysiler giyin.<\/p>

Giysileri kuru tutma:<\/strong> \u00dczerinizdeki giysilerin kuru olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in her t\u00fcrl\u00fc \u00e7abay\u0131 sarf etmelisiniz. Terlemenin de giysilerinizi \u0131slataca\u011f\u0131n\u0131; \u0131s\u0131 kayb\u0131na neden olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 unutmay\u0131n.<\/p>

Islak giysileri de\u011fi\u015ftirme<\/strong>: Islak giysiler kuru olanlar\u0131yla de\u011fi\u015ftirilmelidir. Kuma\u015f cinsi ne olursa olsun \u0131slanan bir giysi kuru olan kadar iyi izolasyon sa\u011flamaz. Sentetik kuma\u015flar\u0131 kullanmak giysiniz \u0131slakken \u0131s\u0131 kayb\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 azaltabilir, ancak buharla\u015fma \u0131s\u0131s\u0131 vas\u0131tas\u0131yla ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen \u0131s\u0131 kayb\u0131n\u0131 engelleyemez. 0,45 kg suyu buharla\u015ft\u0131rabilmek i\u00e7in 245 kalori \u0131s\u0131 gerekti\u011fini unutmay\u0131n.<\/p>

Islak giysiyi izole etmek i\u00e7in \u00f6rt\u00fcnme:<\/strong> E\u011fer \u0131slak giysi de\u011fi\u015ftirilemiyorsa buharla\u015fman\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7mek i\u00e7in \u00fczeri nefes almayan plastik ya\u011fmurluk gibi bir malzeme ile \u00f6rt\u00fclmelidir. Ya\u011fmurlu\u011fun \u00fczerine de, \u0131slak kuma\u015ftan dolay\u0131 artm\u0131\u015f kond\u00fcksiyonla (\u0131s\u0131 iletimi) olu\u015facak h\u0131zl\u0131 \u0131s\u0131 iletiminin \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7mek i\u00e7in kuru izolasyon tabakas\u0131 konulmas\u0131 \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>

Is\u0131 \u00fcretimini artt\u0131rma:<\/strong> Yorgunluk belirtisi yoksa, gerekli g\u0131da takviyesi yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015fsa hareket etmek de v\u00fccut \u0131s\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 artt\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>

Akut Hipotermi<\/h3>

So\u011fuk suya d\u00fc\u015fmek, \u00e7ok so\u011fuk havada ya\u011fmur alt\u0131nda giysilerin \u0131slanmas\u0131 aniden \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck miktarlarda \u0131s\u0131 kayb\u0131na neden olur. Kronik hipotermide ge\u00e7erli mekanizmalar bu miktarda \u0131s\u0131 kayb\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in yetersiz kal\u0131r. So\u011fuma oran\u0131n\u0131 belirleyen v\u00fccut b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, su i\u00e7indeki aktivitesi, giyilen koruyucu giysi gibi bir\u00e7ok de\u011fi\u015fken vard\u0131r. Genel olarak, en \u015fiddetli senaryoda; ki\u015finin ince giysilerle buzlu suya d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc durumda 1 saat 15 dakika i\u00e7inde \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc derecede so\u011fuyaca\u011f\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>

So\u011fuma en h\u0131zl\u0131 kurban\u0131n nehirde y\u00fczmeye veya su \u00fcst\u00fcnde durmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131, dalgal\u0131 denizde kalmas\u0131 gibi durumlarda olur. \u0130\u00e7 hipotermi tam anlam\u0131yla geli\u015fmese dahi, kas dokular\u0131n\u0131n so\u011fumas\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015febilir. Elleri ve ayaklar\u0131 kullanmada koordinasyon bozukluklar\u0131 olu\u015fabilir. Bu nedenle kurban\u0131n hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetme sebebi her zaman hipotermi olmayabilir.<\/p>

\"\"<\/figure>

Ki\u015fi \u00f6lmesi beklenen s\u00fcrenin (1 saat 15 dakika) yar\u0131s\u0131ndan daha uzun s\u00fcre suda kalm\u0131\u015fsa, bu ki\u015fi ileri derecede akut hipotermidir.<\/p>

<\/p>1980 y\u0131l\u0131nda, gemileri s\u00fcr\u00fcklenen 16 Danimarkal\u0131 denizci suya atlamak zorunda kald\u0131lar. Kurtarma teknesi bulunduklar\u0131 yere gelene kadar 1,5 saat suda kald\u0131lar. Kazazedelere yana\u015fan tekne denize kargo a\u011f\u0131 sark\u0131tt\u0131. Denizde 1,5 saat kalan adamlar kendi imkanlar\u0131yla a\u011fdan t\u0131rmanmay\u0131 ba\u015far\u0131p g\u00fcverteye \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131lar. Gemi mutfa\u011f\u0131na inen ve ilk i\u015f kurulanmalar\u0131 ve s\u0131cak s\u0131v\u0131 al\u0131p \u0131s\u0131nmalar\u0131 gerekirken, do\u011frudan yemek yemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan denizcilerin her biri hipotermiden \u00f6ld\u00fc.<\/cite><\/blockquote>

Akut Hipotermiye M\u00fcdahale<\/h4>

Yukar\u0131daki \u00f6rnekteki talihsiz denizcilerin ortada dola\u015fmalar\u0131na izin verilmemeliydi. Kendi ba\u015flar\u0131na hareket etmeleri el ve ayaklar\u0131ndaki so\u011fumu\u015f kaslara y\u00fckl\u00fc miktarda kan\u0131n gitmesine, b\u00f6ylece i\u00e7 s\u0131cakl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n daha da d\u00fc\u015fmesine neden olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>

Bu tip hastalar\u0131 kendi ba\u015flar\u0131na uyku tulumuna yerle\u015ftirip \u0131s\u0131nmalar\u0131n\u0131 beklemek de ger\u00e7ek\u00e7i bir yakla\u015f\u0131m de\u011fildir. \u0130\u00e7 s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n y\u00fckseltilmesi mutlaka harici bir \u0131s\u0131 kayna\u011f\u0131 ile desteklenmelidir. Aksi taktirde kaybettikleri b\u00fcy\u00fck miktardaki \u0131s\u0131 nedeniyle olu\u015fan i\u00e7 s\u0131cakl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fc devam ederek, \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl boyutlara ula\u015facakt\u0131r.Akut hipotermide hasta imkan varsa s\u0131cak su k\u00fcvetine sokulmal\u0131d\u0131r. Arazide \u00e7o\u011fu zaman bu m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayaca\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in uyku tulumunda iki ki\u015finin aras\u0131nda \u0131s\u0131tma, sar\u0131larak \u0131s\u0131tma, imkan varsa b\u00fcy\u00fck ate\u015f yakarak \u0131s\u0131tma gibi y\u00f6ntemler denenmelidir.<\/p>\n\n

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\n Oylama Yap<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

V\u00fccudumuzun en \u00f6nemli g\u00f6revi i\u00e7 s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 37 derece civar\u0131nda sabitlemektir. 25 dereceden daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck d\u0131\u015f ortam veya \u00e7evre s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131, e\u011fer…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":990005,"featured_media":3064,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[23,25,21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3059","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dagcilik","category-tirmanis","category-saglik"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.extremeoutdoor.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3059","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.extremeoutdoor.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.extremeoutdoor.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.extremeoutdoor.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/990005"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.extremeoutdoor.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3059"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/blog.extremeoutdoor.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3059\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3065,"href":"https:\/\/blog.extremeoutdoor.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3059\/revisions\/3065"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.extremeoutdoor.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3064"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.extremeoutdoor.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3059"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.extremeoutdoor.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3059"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.extremeoutdoor.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3059"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}