\u00dclkemizde peygamber bal\u0131\u011f\u0131 olarak da tan\u0131nan d\u00fclger bal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bilimsel ad\u0131 Zeus faber olup, uluslararas\u0131 literat\u00fcrde John Dory olarak bilinir. Zeidae (Dories) ailesine ait olup, bu ailenin 18 \u00fcyesinden biri ve en me\u015fhurudur.
Kuzeyden g\u00fcneye, Amerika k\u0131tas\u0131 hari\u00e7, Norve\u00e7 k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131ndan G\u00fcney Afrika ucuna, Gana k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131ndan Yeni Zelanda’n\u0131n do\u011fu k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131na kadar, Hint Okyanusu dahil tropik ve \u0131l\u0131man sularda, \u00e7ok geni\u015f bir da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m alan\u0131 vard\u0131r. \u00dclkemizin b\u00fct\u00fcn denizlerinde mevcuttur.
Bilimsel kay\u0131tlarda boyu 90cm’e, a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 8kg eri\u015febildi\u011fi kay\u0131tl\u0131d\u0131r. Azami 12 y\u0131l ya\u015far. N\u00fcfusunu katlama oran\u0131 4,5-14 y\u0131l olup, bu oran di\u011fer pek \u00e7ok bal\u0131kla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rsa d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr ancak soyu tehlikede bir bal\u0131k de\u011fildir. Bunu geni\u015f yay\u0131l\u0131m alan\u0131na, dogal avc\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n azl\u0131\u011f\u0131na, d\u00fcnya \u00fczerinde ticari olarak direk hedeflenecek bir bal\u0131k olmamas\u0131na bor\u00e7ludur. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc genelde ba\u015fka bal\u0131klara uzat\u0131lan a\u011flara rastlant\u0131sal olarak vurur. Bu durum onun yaln\u0131z ya\u015fayan bir bal\u0131k olmas\u0131n\u0131n, s\u00fcr\u00fc kurmamas\u0131n\u0131n bir sonucudur. Ancak belirli bir bal\u0131k s\u00fcr\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc hedefleyen pek \u00e7ok d\u00fclger, birbirinden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z ayn\u0131 m\u0131nt\u0131kada olabilir.
Ana besinini s\u00fcr\u00fc yapan, belirli bir b\u00f6lgede yataklanmi\u015f kendinden k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bal\u0131klar\u0131 avlamakla temin ederken, ayr\u0131ca kafadan bacakl\u0131lar ve crustaceanlar (karides ve bu t\u00fcr canl\u0131lar) da men\u00fcs\u00fcne arada girer. 1 ila 400 metre aras\u0131ndaki derinliklerde bulunur ve deniz taban\u0131na daima yak\u0131n ya\u015far. K\u0131\u015f sonu, ilkbahar ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131 \u00fcreme mevsimidir. \u00dcreme ergenli\u011fine 4 ya\u015f\u0131nda eri\u015fir.
Ticari ve bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan, ad\u0131 en lezzetli bal\u0131klar aras\u0131nda ba\u015fa g\u00fcre\u015fti\u011finden ve miktar avc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n zorlu\u011fu nedeniyle \u00e7ok de\u011ferli bir bal\u0131kt\u0131r.<\/p>
D\u00fclger bal\u0131\u011f\u0131 mitlere konu olmu\u015ftur. Bilimsel ad\u0131nda bulunan “Faber” nalbant demektir ve bu dilimize d\u00fclger olarak yans\u0131m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu isimlendirmenin ard\u0131ndaki hikaye, kafas\u0131ndaki kemiklerin \u00f6rs ve \u00e7eki\u00e7 gibi nalbant aletlerine benzetilmesidir. \u015eahsen bu hikayeyi bilip, bu bal\u0131\u011f\u0131n kafas\u0131n\u0131 kaynat\u0131p kemiklerini incelediysem de, herhalde nalbantl\u0131kla alakam\u0131n hi\u00e7 olmamas\u0131 nedeniyle ben bir benzerlik bulamad\u0131m. D\u00fclger bal\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyada olta bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7ok az bilinen, bu y\u00fczden genelde hedeflenmeyen, ba\u015fka bal\u0131klar\u0131 yakalarken arada kazayla tutulan bir bal\u0131kt\u0131r.
Bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131l\u0131kta \u015e\u00f6hreti<\/strong><\/p>
D\u00fclgerle ilgili bir di\u011fer me\u015fhur hikaye ise bu bal\u0131\u011f\u0131n neden peygamber bal\u0131\u011f\u0131 lakab\u0131yla an\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131yla ilgilidir. Efsaneye g\u00f6re \u0130sa Peygamberin havarilerinden, bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131 Saint Peter’in bir k\u0131tl\u0131k zaman\u0131nda avdan eli bo\u015f d\u00f6nece\u011fi s\u0131rada, bir d\u00fclger bal\u0131\u011f\u0131 teknesine yakla\u015farak “beni yakala der”. Bal\u0131\u011f\u0131 ba\u015f ve i\u015faret parma\u011f\u0131 vas\u0131tas\u0131yla kavrayan Aziz Peter ona, “Bu g\u00fcn bir \u015fey yakalayamad\u0131ysak bunda bizim bilmedi\u011fimiz bir keramet vard\u0131r. Hadi sen ya\u015famaya devam et.” der ve bal\u0131\u011f\u0131 salar. Bu hikayenin bir versiyonudur. Bir di\u011fer versiyonunda ise bal\u0131\u011f\u0131n bu ulu davran\u0131\u015f\u0131 nedeniyle \u00e7ok duygulanan Aziz Peter onu kutsayarak “K\u0131yamet k\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, soyun insanl\u0131\u011fa g\u0131da olsun, hadi \u015fimdi \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne git.” diyerek bir kehanette bulunur. Bunlar ne kadar do\u011frudur ben bilmem ancak bu hikayelerin do\u011frultusunda d\u00fclger bal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n iki yan\u0131ndaki, ger\u00e7ekten bir parmak izini and\u0131ran damgas\u0131, bug\u00fcn bu bal\u0131\u011f\u0131n peygamber ni\u015fan\u0131 olarak halk aras\u0131nda dillenir.
Ancak d\u00fclger bal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, insanlar i\u00e7in d\u00fclger bal\u0131\u011f\u0131 yapan, bu mitler degil, bu bal\u0131\u011f\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fcndeki esrarengizli\u011finin ard\u0131na saklanm\u0131\u015f inan\u0131lmaz lezzetidir. Her ne kadar kafas\u0131 \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck olsada, bu bal\u0131ktan lale \u015feklinde, kemikten ayr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda her bir y\u00fczden 3 yaprak, bembeyaz, pamuk gibi et \u00e7\u0131kar. Arada s\u00f6ylemeliyim, b\u00f6yle \u00e7ok lezzetli bal\u0131klar\u0131 soslarla, sebzelerle, \u00e7e\u015fnilerle kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak yaz\u0131kt\u0131r, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc do\u011fal tad\u0131ndan mahrum olur insan. M\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca d\u00fclger bal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 basit usullerle pi\u015firmek en do\u011frusudur. Benim tarifim, laleleri hafif tuzlanm\u0131\u015f d\u00fclger fletosunu, g\u00fczelce kal\u0131n galeta ununa ban\u0131p, fletoyu tavaya koydu\u011fumuzda \u00fczerine ya\u011f \u00e7\u0131kmayacak miktarda, yakmadan g\u00fczelce k\u0131zd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u00e7i\u00e7ek ya\u011f\u0131nda, galeta unu bak\u0131r k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131s\u0131na d\u00f6nene kadar k\u0131zartman\u0131zd\u0131r. \u0130\u00e7inin hafif \u00f6z suyuyla az pi\u015fmi\u015f kalmas\u0131, besin de\u011ferini ve lezzetini doru\u011fa ta\u015f\u0131r. G\u00fczelce \u00fczerinde gezdirilmi\u015f bir limon, ye\u015fil marul salatas\u0131 ve inceden, damla damla, dinlenmi\u015f bir pilavla yeme de yan\u0131nda yat.<\/p>
Avc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong><\/p>
Kazayla tutulmas\u0131; ya oltan\u0131zda unuttu\u011funuz veya \u00e7ekmeye ge\u00e7 davrand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z yakalanm\u0131\u015f (mesala bir izmarit) bal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131za d\u00fclgerin atlamas\u0131yla veya ak yeminizin akan suyla yanak g\u00f6stererek d\u00fclgeri, k\u0131rk y\u0131lda bir \u00e7ekmesiyle m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olur. D\u00fclger bir canl\u0131 yem avc\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r. Bu seyrekli\u011fe bak\u0131p kazayla tak\u0131lmalar y\u00fcz\u00fcnden d\u00fclgerin \u00e7ok zor yakalanan bir bal\u0131k oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeyiniz. Do\u011fru olta ve a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da anlataca\u011f\u0131m y\u00f6ntemlerle bu bal\u0131\u011f\u0131 er yada ge\u00e7 ke\u015ffedip, oltac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6zellikle tekneden, bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n s\u0131radan bir par\u00e7as\u0131 haline getirebilirsiniz.
Bu bal\u0131\u011f\u0131 hedefleyen oltac\u0131l\u0131\u011fa girmeden \u00f6nce d\u00fclgerin nas\u0131l av\u0131n\u0131 avlad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan bahsetmek ve oltam\u0131z\u0131n i\u015fleyi\u015fini bu y\u00f6nde daha iyi anlamak icap ediyor.
D\u00fclger bal\u0131\u011f\u0131 yava\u015f y\u00fczmekle birlikte, m\u00fckemmel bir kamuflaj ustas\u0131 ve \u00e7ok orjinal tekni\u011fiyle inan\u0131lmaz bir avc\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6nden bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, \u015fu bizim “davul f\u0131r\u0131nlar\u0131n tepsisi” b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcndeki bir d\u00fclger, iki parmak \u00e7izgiye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. Yemin dipte y\u0131\u011f\u0131nak yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerlerde, usuldan hayalet gibi volta atar. Hi\u00e7 \u00e7akt\u0131rmadan av\u0131na yakla\u015f\u0131r. \u0130ki t\u00fcrl\u00fc tekni\u011fi vard\u0131r. Birincisi; hedefledi\u011fi bal\u0131\u011fa sezdirmeden neredeyse s\u0131f\u0131ra kadar yakla\u015f\u0131r ve aniden, sanki ka\u011f\u0131t gibi katlanm\u0131\u015f a\u011fz\u0131, nerdeyse kendi geni\u015fli\u011fince a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r ve \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek bir emi\u015f yarat\u0131p bal\u0131\u011f\u0131n i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu su k\u00fctlesini i\u00e7ine \u00e7eker, hedef bal\u0131kla birlikte a\u011fz\u0131na dolmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. D\u00fclger galsamalar\u0131ndan suyu d\u0131\u015far\u0131 atarken, yem de midenin yolunu tutar. \u0130kinci takti\u011fi daha ilgin\u00e7tir. Bunu hareketli bal\u0131klara yapar. Gene hedefledi\u011fi bal\u0131\u011fa \u00e7akt\u0131rmadan yakla\u015f\u0131r. Sonra 45 derece yalpalayarak hedef bal\u0131\u011f\u0131n alt\u0131nda ve \u00e7evresinde konik bir duvarm\u0131\u015f\u00e7as\u0131na \u00e7ember atmaya ba\u015flar.
D\u00fclger bu taktikleri kullanabilmek i\u00e7in her zaman s\u00fcr\u00fc halinde yem bal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n sakince yatt\u0131\u011f\u0131, yemlendi\u011fi yerlerde olur. Y\u00fczme g\u00fcc\u00fc zay\u0131f oldu\u011fundan ak\u0131nt\u0131n\u0131n kuvvetli oldu\u011fu yerlerde avlanamaz. Bu y\u00fczden suyu durgun avlaklar\u0131 se\u00e7iniz veya sular durdu\u011funda bu \u00e7e\u015fit avc\u0131l\u0131\u011fa ge\u00e7iniz. Bat\u0131k olan yerlerde, suyu durgun resiflerde, kayal\u0131k ve yosunluk yerlerde, midye veya bal\u0131k \u00fcretme \u00e7iftliklerinin etraf\u0131nda, derin suyu olan iskelelerin dibe sapl\u0131 kaz\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n aras\u0131nda, \u00f6zellikle yem bolsa d\u00fclgeri bulmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Ancak \u00f6nerim bu bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6zellikle izmarit, mercan, \u0131skatarya, kupes gibi bal\u0131klar\u0131 tutarken yapman\u0131zd\u0131r. Pasif bir bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k olarak, teknenin bir kenar\u0131ndan siz ba\u015fka bal\u0131\u011f\u0131 tutarken di\u011fer kenar\u0131na bu oltay\u0131 kurup geli\u015fmeleri seyredin.
\u015eimdi oltam\u0131za gelelim. Oltam\u0131zda canl\u0131 yem kullanaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z i\u00e7in yem bal\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n rahat\u00e7a gezinebilece\u011fi t\u00fcrden bir d\u00fczenek olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Hedef bal\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z d\u00fclgeri \u00fcrk\u00fctmemek i\u00e7in yemi a\u011fz\u0131na ald\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bir a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k hissetmesini istemedi\u011fimizden gezer olta sistemini kullanmal\u0131y\u0131z.
Bu oltada kur\u015fun bedenini, 1,5m ba\u011fl\u0131yor, k\u00f6stek bedenini ise 1m yap\u0131yoruz. Kullanaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z canl\u0131 yemin b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne g\u00f6re i\u011fnemiz (i\u011fne canl\u0131 yemi \u00e7ok yormayacak b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fckte olmal\u0131d\u0131r) 2.0-4.0 aras\u0131 \u00e7elik, k\u0131sa sapl\u0131, a\u011fz\u0131 geni\u015f t\u00fcrlerden olmal\u0131.\u0130\u011fneyi k\u00f6stek bedeninin ucuna ba\u011flay\u0131n. K\u00f6stek bedenini 0.40-0.45mm kal\u0131nl\u0131kta florakarbon misinadan se\u00e7menizde yarar vard\u0131r. D\u00fclger ince misina se\u00e7ici de\u011fildir. Kal\u0131n misina kullanmam\u0131zdaki ama\u00e7sa bu oltaya d\u00fclgerden \u00f6te \u00e7ok sa\u011flam ba\u015fka bal\u0131klar\u0131ndan gelebilmesidir (fangri mercan, akya, sar\u0131kuyruk, sinarit). Bana neden bu uzunluklar\u0131 kur\u015fun bedeninde ve k\u00f6stek bedeninde tercih ediyorsun diye sorarsan\u0131z size cevab\u0131m \u015fu a\u00e7\u0131klama olur; “Yem bal\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00fczeye y\u00f6nelse, azami dipten uzakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 1,3+1=2,3m, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6nelse azami dibe yakla\u015faca\u011f\u0131 mesafe 30cm’dir. Dipten 30cm ila 2.3m aras\u0131 sadece d\u00fclger i\u00e7in de\u011fil pek \u00e7ok dip bal\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in m\u00fckemmel bir atak alan\u0131d\u0131r. Canl\u0131 bal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z bu sistemle devaml\u0131 bu atak an\u0131nda stres ve k\u0131skand\u0131rma sinyalleri verecek, bal\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7ekecektir.”
Kur\u015fununuzu ak\u0131nt\u0131n\u0131n ve canl\u0131 yemin s\u00fcr\u00fckleyemeyece\u011fi bir a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131ktan se\u00e7iniz. En sa\u011flam, 12-15cm civar\u0131nda bir b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fckte canl\u0131 yeminizi (izmarit, istavrit, ilerya, kupes vs.) ensesinden i\u011fnenize ne bal\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7ok zedeleyecek, ne de i\u011fnenizi bal\u0131\u011f\u0131n derisini s\u0131y\u0131r\u0131p \u00e7\u0131kartacak zay\u0131fl\u0131\u011fa d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrtmeyecek \u015fekilde tak\u0131n\u0131z. Canl\u0131 yeminizi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca \u00e7abuk denize sal\u0131n. Oltan\u0131z\u0131 dibe indirirken a\u011f\u0131r a\u011f\u0131r canl\u0131 yemi ana bedene dolamayacak \u015fekilde, kur\u015funun a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 hissederek koyverin. Dibi buldu\u011funuzda misinan\u0131z\u0131 gerip, melez oltan\u0131n k\u00f6stek f\u0131rd\u00f6nd\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc, kur\u015fun f\u0131rd\u00f6nd\u00fcs\u00fcne yaslayacak \u015fekle getiriniz. Kam\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n orta aksiyon bir tekne kam\u0131\u015f\u0131 olmas\u0131nda fayda vard\u0131r (gene d\u00fclgerden \u00e7ok \u00f6teki bal\u0131klar\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnerek).
Makinan\u0131z\u0131 ak\u0131nt\u0131n\u0131n ve yem bal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kalama alamayaca\u011f\u0131, ancak oltaya atlayan bal\u0131k as\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda rahatl\u0131kla kalama verebilecek, \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bir rezistans ayar\u0131nda b\u0131rak\u0131n. Yeminiz dipteyken i\u011fne ensesinde oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in devaml\u0131 kar\u0131n g\u00f6sterecek, arada fi\u015fekleyip k\u00f6stek boyunca d\u00f6necek, yorulup kendini b\u0131rakacak, tekrar dinlenip ayn\u0131 olaylar\u0131 tekrar edecektir. Bu m\u00fcthi\u015f bir k\u0131skand\u0131rma yarat\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n